QoG Data

The Authoritarian Regime Dataset

Data source: Wahman, Teorell and Hadenius

The Authoritarian Regimes Dataset version 6.0 covers the time period 1972-2014 and includes all 192 nations recognized as members of the UN except the four micro states of Europe (Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco and San Marino) and two micro states in the Pacific that are not members of the World Bank (Nauru and Tuvalu).

The variables for "Colonial Origin" and "Region" were updated until 2014 by the original authors. QoG imputes this information until 2025.

Dataset type

Time-Series

Dataset level

Country

Last updated by source

2017-08-10

Citation

When using this dataset, please cite as:

• Hadenius, A., & Teorell, J. (2007). Pathways from authoritarianism. Journal of Democracy, 18(1), 143–157.

• Teorell, J., & Wahman, M. (2018). Institutional stepping stones for democracy: How and why multipartyism enhances democratic change. Democratization, 25(1), 78–97.

• Wahman, M., Teorell, J., & Hadenius, A. (2013). Authoritarian regime types revisited: Updated data in comparative perspective. Contemporary Politics, 19(1), 19–34.

@article{ht1,
 author = {Wahman, Michael and Teorell, Jan and Hadenius, Axel},
 journal = {Contemporary Politics},
 last_updated = {2024-04-03},
 number = {1},
 pages = {19--34},
 publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
 title = {Authoritarian Regime Types Revisited: Updated Data in Comparative Perspective},
 volume = {19},
 year = {2013}
}

@article{ht2,
 author = {Hadenius, Axel and Teorell, Jan},
 journal = {Journal of Democracy},
 last_updated = {2024-04-03},
 number = {1},
 pages = {143--157},
 publisher = {The Johns Hopkins University Press},
 title = {Pathways from Authoritarianism},
 volume = {18},
 year = {2007}
}

@article{ht3,
 author = {Teorell, Jan and Wahman, Michael},
 journal = {Democratization},
 last_updated = {2024-04-03},
 number = {1},
 pages = {78--97},
 publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
 title = {Institutional Stepping Stones for Democracy: How and Why Multipartyism Enhances Democratic Change},
 volume = {25},
 year = {2018}
}

Variables in this dataset

Browse variables and select them for download.

Colonial Origin

QoG code: ht_colonial

This is a tenfold classification of the former colonial ruler of the country. Following Bernard et al. (2004), we have excluded the British settler colonies (the US, Canada, Australia, Israel and New ...

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Level of Democracy (Freedom House/Imputed Polity)

QoG code: ht_ipolity2

Imputed average Polity [original variable revpol2] & Freedom House [original variable fhadd] scores (scaled 0–10), where missing values have been imputed by regressing the fhpol index on the Freedom H ...

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Size of Largest Party in Legislature (in Fractions)

QoG code: ht_partsz

Counts the largest parties' number of seats divided by the legislative assemblies' total number of seats expressed in fractions. In countries with a two-chamber parliament, the lower house is counted.

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Region of the country

QoG code: ht_region

This is a tenfold politico-geographic classification of world regions, based on a mixture of two considerations: geographical proximity (with the partial exception of category 5 below) and demarcation ...

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Regime Type

QoG code: ht_regtype

This typology of authoritarian regimes is based on a distinction between three modes of political power maintenance (probably the three most widely used throughout history): hereditary succession (lin ...

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Regime Type (simplified)

QoG code: ht_regtype1

A simplified, collapsed version of ht_regtype, where all monarchical regimes with amalgams [ht_regtype =16, 17, 23 or 24] are treated as monarchies, all military regimes with sub-types and amalgams [h ...

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